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IEEE C63.4 Document Information:
Title
American National Standard for Methods of Measurement of Radio-Noise Emissions from Low-Voltage Electrical and Electronic Equipment in the Range of 9 kHz to 40 GHz
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
Publication Date:
Jan 1, 2009
Scope:
This standard specifies U.S. consensus standard methods,
instrumentation, and facilities for measurement of radio-frequency
(RF) signals and noise emitted from electrical and electronic
devices in the frequency range 9 kHz to 40 GHz. It does not include
generic nor product-specific emission limits. Where possible, the
specifications herein are harmonized with other national and
international standards used for similar purposes.
Uses of the word shall in this standard indicate a
mandatory requirement that must be met to satisfy this standard.
The word should is used to indicate that a requirement is
recommended but not mandatory. Tolerances on dimensions and
distances are based on good engineering practice where not
specified. The word may is used to indicate a
recommendation that is at the discretion of the user. In addition,
notes in this document are informative and are not part of the
requirements. In this standard, the text takes precedence over the
figures because the text is complete and the figures are
illustrative of a typical application of the text. Notes are used
in the text for emphasis or to offer informative suggestions about
the technical content of the standard, and these notes provide
additional information to assist the reader with a particular
passage but do not include mandatory requirements. Footnotes in
text are included only for information, clarification, and/or aid
applicable to the use of the standard, but mandatory requirements
are not included in text footnotes.
Measurement methods are included for radiated and line-conducted
emissions that can be generated by a variety of devices, as
described in 1.2. Definitions are provided for terms and phrases
contained in the text, in which the words do not represent obvious
or common usage. Measurement instrumentation, facilities, and test
sites are specified and characterized, including open-area test
sites (OATS) and RF absorber-lined, metal chambers used for
radiated emission measurement. Transverse electromagnetic (TEM)
wave devices used for radiated emission measurement are treated in
normative Annex F. The requirements of Annex F, when such tests are
performed, shall take precedence in this standard. In most cases,
measurement instrumentation and calibration requirements are only
generally characterized in deference to standards dedicated to
these subjects, which should be used in conjunction with this
standard. The requirements for operation of test samples during
measurements are presented for devices in general, as well as for
specific types of devices that are frequently measured. Specific
requirements for emission test data recording and reporting are
presented with reference to general requirements contained in
documents dedicated to standard laboratory practices, which should
be used in conjunction with this standard. The main text is
augmented by a series of annexes that provide details for certain
measurement methods and facilities. Annex A provides an index of
main text clauses to be used when testing particular equipment
under test (EUT) types.
Purpose and applications
This document is intended to standardize methods,
instrumentation, and facilities used to characterize device
emissions with respect to voluntary or regulatory compliance
requirements designed to protect authorized communication services.
The specified procedures are intended to be applied primarily in
controlled laboratory environments, but they may be used for
emission measurement of in situ devices where indicated.
This standard may be applied to emission measurement of a
variety of electrical and electronic devices, regardless of size
and characteristics. The devices may be single, stand-alone units,
or multiple, interconnected units.
These methods may be applied to the measurement of certain
devices that purposefully radiate energy, such as intentional
emitters, but they might not be applicable to licensed transmitters
in the United States and other countries. Similarly, these methods
may not be adequate for measurement of emissions from avionics or
industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM)
equipment.1
All limit specifications, relevant to a given emitting device,
should be applied in their entirety to the characterization of the
device over the specified frequency range in all propagation modes.
Piecewise application is discouraged and runs the risk of
incomplete characterization, which could fail to protect the
authorized radio communications services in the manner intended.
Emission limit requirements shall be obtained from other voluntary
and regulatory sources, and certain other procedural documents
shall be applied concurrently where specified herein. Still other
procedural documents may be used as alternatives to this standard
where equivalent results can be demonstrated. For regulatory
applications invoking the methods in this standard, results
obtained as prescribed herein shall take precedence over results
obtained with alternative methods.
Not all clauses in this standard are applicable to all devices
that can be measured with these methods. The nature of this
standard is to specify general methods that may be applied to all
devices within its scope and to supplement these methods with
particular requirements for some types of devices.
Device-particular requirements take precedence over general
requirements. See Annex A for guidance in applying this standard to
specific types of devices.
A complete voluntary or regulatory requirement should specify
the following information in conjunction with the application of
this standard:
a) Limits and frequency ranges for both ac power-line conducted
and radiated emission measurements
b) Measurement antenna distances for radiated emission
measurements
c) Identification of any uncommon requirements such as the
following:
1) Radiated magnetic field strength measurements below 30 MHz
(see 8.2.1)
2) Radiated electric field strength measurements below 30 MHz
(see 8.2.2)
3) Use of the absorbing clamp for radiated emission measurements
(see Clause 9)
4) Relaxation of the limits for clicks (transients) (see Clause
14)
5) Use of the artificial hand for measurement of portable,
hand-held devices (see 6.2.12)
6) Any requirements that differ from the requirements contained
herein
7) Any requirement concerning statements of uncertainty of the
measurement results (see ISO/IEC 17025:20052).
1Various standards used in the United States require
emission measurements below 9 kHz (e.g., MIL-STD-461F [B19],
MDS-201-0004 [B18], and SAE ARP 1972:1986 [B21]). These have their
own measurement procedures and thus require no reference to ANSI
C63.4 emission measurement procedures. However, they may require
reference to ANSI C63.2 and ANSI C63.4 for instrumentation
specifications. Individual procurement requirements shall take
precedence.
2Information on references can be found in Clause
2.
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