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ASTM D 93 Document Information:
Title
Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
ASTM International
Publication Date:
May 1, 2007
Scope:
These test methods cover the determination of the flash point of
petroleum products in the temperature range from 40 to 360°C by a
manual Pensky-Martens closed-cup apparatus or an automated
Pensky-Martens closed-cup apparatus.
NOTE 1—Flash point determination as above 250°C can be
performed, however, the precisions have not been determined above
this temperature. For residual fuels, precisions have not been
determined for flash points above 100°C.
Procedure A is applicable to distillate fuels (diesel, kerosine,
heating oil, turbine fuels), new lubricating oils, and other
homogeneous petroleum liquids not included in the scope of
Procedure B.
Procedure B is applicable to residual fuel oils, cutback
residua, used lubricating oils, mixtures of petroleum liquids with
solids, petroleum liquids that tend to form a surface film under
test conditions, or are petroleum liquids of such kinematic
viscosity that they are not uniformly heated under the stirring and
heating conditions of Procedure A.
These test methods is applicable for the detection of
contamination of relatively nonvolatile or nonflammable materials
with volatile or flammable materials.
The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
NOTE 2—It has been common practice in flash point standards for
many decades to alternately use a C–scale or an F–scale thermometer
for temperature measurement. Although the scales are close in
increments, they are not equivalent. Because the F–scale
thermometer used in this procedure is graduated in 5° increments,
it is not possible to read it to the 2°C equivalent increment of
3.6°F. Therefore, for the purposes of application of the procedure
of the test method for the separate temperature scale thermometers,
different increments must be used. In this test method, the
following protocol has been adopted: When a temperature is intended
to be a converted equivalent, it will appear in parentheses
following the SI unit, for example 370°C (698°F). When a
temperature is intended to be a rationalized unit for the alternate
scale, it will appear after "or," for example, 2°C or 5°F.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements, see
6.4, 7.1, 9.3, 9.4, 11.1.2, 11.1.4, 11.1.8, and 12.1.2.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this
standard.
Keywords:
- automated flash point
- automated Pensky-Martens closed cup
- flammability
- flash point
- Pensky-Martens closed cup
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